Electric current and magnetic fields are intimately related through a fundamental principle of electromagnetism known as Ampère’s law and the more general concept of electromagnetic induction. This relationship is a cornerstone of electromagnetism and has profound implications for various technological applications.
Ampere’s Law:The magnetic field (B) produced by a closed loop of electric current (I) is directly proportional to the magnitude of the current and inversely proportional to the distance from the current-carrying wire.
Electromagnetic Induction:Faraday’s law of electromagnetic induction states that the induced electromotive force (emf) in a closed loop is proportional to the rate of change of magnetic flux through the loop
In this article, we will study how electric current and magnetic field are related to each other. Connect the circuit as shown in the figures.
Connect a copper wire, thicker and straight as compared to the connecting wires, between A and B. Keep a magnetic needle adjacent to the wire.
Apply the following three cases to find the magnetic effects of a current
Case1: Keep the plug key open in the circuit and observe the direction of the needle.
Case2: Close the plug key and observe the direction of the needle.
Case3: Interchange the connecting wire connected to the cell and observe the direction of the magnetic needle.
Observation
Case1: The magnetic needle lies in a straight line because there is no presence of magnetic effect in the wire
Case2: Connection as shown in the figure, we observe the North pole of the magnetic needle attracts toward the conducting copper wire.
Case3: Connection, as shown in Figure 2, the South pole of the magnetic needle, attracts toward the conducting copper wire.
Conclusion
It means that when we pass electrical current through the copper conductor magnetic effect is produced in it. When we change the battery terminal pole of magnetic effect also changes. The magnetic field is produced around the conductor. Connect the circuit as shown in the above figure, When we flow a large current flows through the thick copper wire
passing through cardboard.
Observation
When we pass a high current to this circuit iron piece line is great on cardboard, at a particular sequence, it is due to the magnetic field created around the current conducting wire.
Conclusion
When we pass electrical current through a conductor they produce a magnetic field perpendicular to the direction of flow of current.
